Controllable Fe/HCS catalysts in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis: Effects of crystallization time

The Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) continues to be an attractive alternative for producing a broad range of fuels and chemicals through the conversion of syngas (H₂ and CO), which can be derived from various sources, such as coal, natural gas, and biomass. Among iron carbides, Fe₂C, as an active phase, has barely been studied due to its thermodynamic instability. Here, we fabricated a series of Fe₂C embedded in hollow carbon sphere (HCS) catalysts. By varying the crystallization time, the shell thickness of the HCS was manipulated, which significantly influenced the catalytic performance in the FTS. To investigate the relationship between the geometric structure of the HCS and the physic-chemical properties of Fe species, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, N₂ physical adsorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction, Raman spectroscopy, and Mössbauer spectroscopy techniques were employed to characterize the catalysts before and after the reaction. Evidently, a suitable thickness of the carbon layer was beneficial for enhancing the catalytic activity in the FTS due to its high porosity, appropriate electronic environment, and relatively high Fe₂C content.     

谈陶瓷装饰中的婴戏纹饰与西方艺术品中的儿童形象

婴戏纹饰即描绘儿童游戏时的画作,是中国人物画的一种,更是陶瓷装饰中常见的传统题材。其主要以儿童为主要绘画对象,表现儿童纯真,或借以其他物象,组成吉祥图案,在我国陶瓷绘画上广泛运用,有着深刻的社会形态特征和思想文化的背景。其始于唐代,兴盛于宋金,明清两朝日臻成熟,并延续至今。在西方艺术史当中,儿童形象大都通过神话人物或宗教相关的艺术品走进人们视野,用以表现某些宗教思想或精神诉求。本文主要探讨陶瓷婴戏纹饰在我国历史发展历程中的演变概况,以及笔者对我国陶瓷婴戏纹饰和西方艺术品中儿童形象横向对比下的一些思考。     

内含硬α夹杂钛合金轮盘裂纹扩展研究

为研究钛合金轮盘内部硬α夹杂疲劳裂纹扩展特性，对含预置硬α夹杂钛合金轮盘开展低循环疲劳裂纹扩展试验。结果表明:5229次循环后轮盘破裂；疲劳断口宏观、微观特征显示，预置硬α夹杂为本次疲劳破坏的疲劳源；在裂纹扩展前期，轮盘断口裂纹扩展速率较材料试验数据快；在裂纹扩展中期，断口裂纹扩展速率曲线呈对数线性关系；为了解决疲劳裂纹扩展后期疲劳条带不易识别的问题，使用等效裂纹扩展模型拟合断口裂纹扩展速率曲线，从而可以利用疲劳条带宽度来计算总寿命。同时，利用断口数据，提出和总结了预置硬α夹杂钛合金轮盘裂纹扩展特性仿真研究的方法。仿真研究显示:基于Paris公式建立裂纹扩展模型能较好地预测轮盘裂纹扩展特性；轮盘由于疲劳发生最终断裂破坏时，裂纹前沿的应力强度因子远大于断裂韧性，因此，不宜使用应力强度因子直接作为破裂准则。     

Accurate quaternion radial harmonic Fourier moments for color image reconstruction and object recognition

Pattern Analysis and Applications - Orthogonal moments have become a powerful tool for object representation and image analysis. Radial harmonic Fourier moments (RHFMs) are one of such image...     

Distributed Functional Observer-based Event-triggered Containment Control of Multi-agent Systems

This paper studies the containment control problem of linear multi-agent systems (MASs) with a directed graph, where the states of the followers will asymp     

2种灰色模型在矿区地表沉陷预计中的适用性

目前矿区地表单点沉陷动态预计方法主要基于传统的水准测量数据,监测方法单一,成本高,观测点易破坏,不能保证地表形变信息的实时性,且采用灰色模型进行地表沉陷预计时只针对单一模型的应用,没有结合模型自身特点分析其适用性。以袁店二矿7221工作面为试验区域,采用合成孔径雷达差分干涉测量技术监测矿区地表沉陷量,分别建立了描述沉陷量与时间关系的GM(1,1)与灰色Verhulst模型进行地表沉陷量预计,实现了矿区地表沉陷监测与动态预计一体化。通过比较、分析GM(1,1)与灰色Verhulst模型对地表沉陷量的拟合及预计结果,得出了2种灰色模型在矿区地表沉陷预计中的适用性:在矿区开采沉陷开始至活跃前期,若地表单点沉陷量曲线呈近似单峰型,则宜采用GM(1,1)进行短期预计;当矿区地表沉陷进入衰退阶段,单点沉陷量曲线呈平底饱和状态,则宜采用灰色Verhulst模型进行中长期预计。     

基于Hausdorff距离的光纤陀螺阈值滤波算法

要实现采矿机组的智能化，必须对采矿机械的位姿进行实时准确地控制。由于开采工作面环境复杂，可选用捷联惯性导航技术来实现对采矿机械的监测。光纤陀螺作为捷联惯导系统的核心元件，其随机噪声制约着惯性导航系统的精度。传统的建模滤波及小波消噪方法由于其自身的局限性，不能保证准确性和去噪效果。所以结合经验模态分解（Empirical Mode Decomposition，EMD），提出了Hausdorff距离（Hausdorff Distance，HD）筛选准则与阈值滤波相结合的去噪算法。该算法以本征模态函数（Intrinsic Mode Function，IMF）与原始信号概率密度函数（Probability Density Function，PDF）的Hausdorff距离为判别依据，对所有IMF进行筛选，之后引入阈值对筛选出的IMF进行滤波处理，最后将其与余项重构。通过试验比较了软硬阈值的滤波效果，确定了该算法采用硬阈值。为验证算法的有效性，将该算法与其他3种方法进行比较，仿真信号与实测陀螺静态漂移数据的试验结果表明了该方法的优越性，能够有效降低陀螺的各项随机误差。     

大洋勘探船压载水系统设计

分析和研究最新生效的几种常用压载水管理公约规范,调研和对比目前市场上常用的几种压载水处理措施,综合对比分析各种压载水处理技术并结合大洋勘探船的特点选择合适的压载水处理技术,设计研究一型经济和环保的压载水系统,并进行压载水处理装置设备选型、系统设计和相关设备布置等。     

Detecting Cysteine in Bioimaging with a Near-Infrared Probe Based on a Novel Fluorescence Quenching Mechanism

Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probes are very significant for detecting cysteine in biological systems. Herein, we report a highly selective and sensitive NIR turn-on fluorescent probe (BDP-NIR) based on BODIPY with large Stokes shift (105 nm) for detecting Cys. We clarified the sensing mechanism based on the different thiol-induced S_NAr substitution/rearrangement reaction of the probe with cysteine and homocysteine/glutathione, which leads to the corresponding amino- and thiol-BODIPY dyes with distinct photophysical properties. Moreover, a novel mechanism of fluorescence quenching was demonstrated by density functional theory calculation. The reason for the fluorescence quenching of the probe might be intersystem crossing (from singlet to triplet excited state). Moreover, BDP-NIR had a high linear dynamic range of 0–500 μM, which was promising for detecting cysteine quantificationally. Significantly, BDP-NIR was capable of sensing endogenous cysteine in living cells and in vivo.     

机加工孔套管抗挤压强度有限元分析

套管屈服强度直接影响套管抗挤压性能，套管在加工孔过程中可能诱发孔眼附近材料发生金属相变，导致套管屈服强度不再均匀分布，进而影响套管抗挤压强度。在相同工况下，对比了P110完整套管和机加工孔套管的抗挤压强度，以此为参照组分析了相变区域面积和相变区域屈服强度对机加工孔套管抗挤压强度的影响。结果表明，机加工孔会改变材料屈服强度，进而影响套管抗挤压性能。随金属相变区域屈服强度减小，机加工孔套管抗挤压强度减弱；当金属相变区域屈服强度增大时，机加工孔套管抗挤压强度增强。且机加工孔套管相变区域面积对机加工孔套管抗挤压强度的影响随相变区域屈服强度增加而逐渐削弱。